BUN is disproportionately elevated relative to creatinine in serum. Urea is made in the liver as a by-product of protein metabolism. *Note that BUN=Blood urea nitrogen which is essentially a measurement of urea. The ratio may be decreased with liver disease (due to a decrease in the formation of urea) and malnutrition. It may also be seen with increased protein, from BI bleed, or increased protein in the diet. An increased ratio may be due to a condition that causes a decrease in the flow of blood to the kidneys, such as CHF or dehydration. The ratio of BUN to creatinine is usually between 10:1 and 20:1. A low BUN-to-creatinine ratio may be caused by a diet low in protein, a severe muscle injury called rhabdomyolysis, pregnancy, cirrhosis, or syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH).We may look at the BUN / Creatinine ratio to help determine the cause of renal failure.Women and children may have lower BUN levels than men because of how their bodies break down protein.Drinking too much liquid may cause overhydration and cause a low BUN value.A low BUN value may be caused by a diet very low in protein, by malnutrition, or by severe liver damage. A very high BUN-to-creatinine ratio may be caused by bleeding in the digestive tract or respiratory tract. High BUN-to-creatinine ratios occur with sudden (acute) kidney problems, which may be caused by shock or severe dehydration.A high BUN value may be caused by a high-protein diet, Addison's disease, or tissue damage (such as from severe burns), or from bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract.Be sure to tell your doctor about all the non-prescription and prescription medicines you take. High BUN levels can also be caused by low blood flow to the kidneys caused by dehydration or heart failure. Kidney damage can be caused by diabetes or high blood pressure that directly affects the kidneys.
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